UJI TOKSISITAS SUBKRONIS EKSTRAK BIJI LABU KUNING (Cucurbita moschata) TERHADAP HISTOLOGI HEPAR DAN GINJAL MENCIT
Abstract
Subcronic toxicity test is a test of pharmacological activity of a compound to defect toxic effects and the safety level of a substance in the biological (body) system in the short therm. Seeds of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) contained phenolic, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponin and cucurbitacin compounds that gave antioxidant, antibacterial effects, and can help lower LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) consentration. This study aims to determine toxic effects on subchronic administration that may be generated from pumpkin seeds extract to microscopic images of the liver and kidneys.
This research using experimental method. C. moschata seeds were extracted by maceration method with 70% ethanol. The subjects were 24 male mice, 3 months, divided into 4 groups, namely control group, doses 400 mg/kgBB (CM 400), doses 600 mg/kgBB (CM 600), and doses 900 mg/kgBB (CM 900). Administration of C. moschata seed extract for 30 days. On the 31st day, all the mice were dissected and the liver and kidneys were taken and then fixed with 10% formalin. The observed parameters were histology of the liver and kidneys. Histologic features of the liver include parenchymal degeneration, hydropic degeneration, and necrosis. The histologic features of the kidneys include bleeding and the number of PMN (Polymorfo nuclear) cells. The histologic observation data was transformed into scores and analyzed using ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and continued with Mann-Whitney with 95% of confidence level.
The result of statistical test shows that the comparison between control, doses 400 mg/kgBB, doses 600 mg/kgBB, and 900 mg/kgBB groups are p <0.05 which means there are significant differences. The conclusion of this research is the extract of pumpkin seed (Cucurbita moschata) subcronically have an toxic effect on the histology changes of liver and kidney mice. The changes look very real as the dose is given.